焦爐(lu)(lu)砌筑應在工(gong)作棚內進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。工(gong)作棚尺寸應滿足安裝作業(ye)平臺和護爐(lu)(lu)設(she)備的(de)要求。同一座(zuo)焦爐(lu)(lu)應采用化(hua)學成分和物理(li)性能(neng)相接(jie)近(jin)的(de)、同一個耐火材料廠(chang)的(de)硅(gui)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)及半硅(gui)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)。焦爐(lu)(lu)爐(lu)(lu)體異(yi)形磚(zhuan)(zhuan)的(de)外(wai)形和尺寸應進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)查和驗收。對外(wai)形和尺寸雖符合國家(jia)標(biao)準,但(dan)達(da)不到砌筑質量要求的(de)各(ge)型(xing)磚(zhuan)(zhuan),應進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)或(huo)另行(xing)(xing)(xing)加工(gong)處理(li)。焦爐(lu)(lu)各(ge)部(bu)(bu)位有代表(biao)性的(de)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)層和爐(lu)(lu)頂(ding)的(de)復(fu)雜部(bu)(bu)位應進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)預砌筑。
砌(qi)筑(zhu)爐體以(yi)前,應取(qu)得基礎平(ping)臺和(he)抵抗墻(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)質量合格證(zheng)書。爐體應在(zai)正面線,縱、橫中心(xin)線和(he)標高測量放(fang)線完(wan)畢,水平(ping)標板和(he)標高控制(zhi)設施設置完(wan)畢,并應經檢查合格后開始砌(qi)筑(zhu)。蓄熱室墻(qiang)(qiang)和(he)炭化室墻(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)正面線和(he)標高可采用逐墻(qiang)(qiang)分段測量放(fang)線的(de)(de)方法控制(zhi)。
砌(qi)(qi)(qi)筑(zhu)焦(jiao)爐(lu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)采用(yong)(yong)兩面(mian)(mian)打灰擠漿法。對(dui)少量(liang)由于(yu)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)型(xing)結構限(xian)制,無法用(yong)(yong)擠漿法砌(qi)(qi)(qi)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)耐(nai)(nai)(nai)火(huo)磚(zhuan)(zhuan),應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)加強勾縫(feng)(feng)(feng)工作。所有(you)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)均(jun)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)耐(nai)(nai)(nai)火(huo)泥(ni)漿飽滿和嚴密。無法用(yong)(yong)擠漿法砌(qi)(qi)(qi)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)磚(zhuan)(zhuan),其垂直縫(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)耐(nai)(nai)(nai)火(huo)泥(ni)漿飽滿度不應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)小于(yu)95%。砌(qi)(qi)(qi)筑(zhu)過程中必須(xu)勾縫(feng)(feng)(feng),隱蔽縫(feng)(feng)(feng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在砌(qi)(qi)(qi)筑(zhu)上(shang)一層磚(zhuan)(zhuan)以前勾好(hao),墻面(mian)(mian)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)必須(xu)在砌(qi)(qi)(qi)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)的(de)(de)當班勾好(hao)。蓄熱(re)室和炭化室的(de)(de)墻面(mian)(mian)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在最終(zhong)清掃后(hou)(hou)進行復查,對(dui)不飽滿的(de)(de)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)予以補勾。對(dui)于(yu)異形硅磚(zhuan)(zhuan)和施工中斷一晝夜再砌(qi)(qi)(qi)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)砌(qi)(qi)(qi)體,表(biao)面(mian)(mian)可用(yong)(yong)水稍加潤濕,但不得(de)(de)大量(liang)灑(sa)水。耐(nai)(nai)(nai)火(huo)泥(ni)漿干涸后(hou)(hou),不得(de)(de)敲打砌(qi)(qi)(qi)體。膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)持均(jun)勻(yun)、平(ping)直和清潔。爐(lu)體正面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)耐(nai)(nai)(nai)火(huo)陶瓷纖維等材料(liao)塞緊(jin)密封。膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)之間的(de)(de)滑動縫(feng)(feng)(feng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)仔(zi)細留設。砌(qi)(qi)(qi)筑(zhu)寬(kuan)度6mm以上(shang)的(de)(de)膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)使用(yong)(yong)樣板,6mm以下的(de)(de)膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在砌(qi)(qi)(qi)筑(zhu)時夾(jia)入(ru)厚度相當的(de)(de)填充材料(liao),6mm以上(shang)膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)填充材料(liao)可采用(yong)(yong)發(fa)泡苯乙烯(xi)板。膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)內不得(de)(de)有(you)雜(za)物。
砌(qi)筑小煙(yan)道(dao)第一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)、算子磚、斜煙(yan)道(dao)各層(ceng)、燃燒室(shi)(shi)第一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)、立火道(dao)封頂和(he)炭化(hua)室(shi)(shi)頂蓋磚以前,應(ying)干(gan)排驗縫。炭化(hua)室(shi)(shi)第一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)磚的(de)砌(qi)筑應(ying)在炭化(hua)室(shi)(shi)底(di)正(zheng)確劃(hua)線(xian),并(bing)應(ying)經檢(jian)查合(he)格后進行。焦爐砌(qi)筑采用逐層(ceng)劃(hua)排磚線(xian)的(de)方法(fa)砌(qi)筑時,施工順(shun)序(xu)應(ying)為:劃(hua)排磚線(xian)、配磚、砌(qi)筑、勾(gou)縫、清掃和(he)檢(jian)查驗收。
砌(qi)筑(zhu)算子磚(zhuan)(zhuan)、燃(ran)燒(shao)室頂蓋(gai)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)以及(ji)其(qi)他砌(qi)完(wan)后無法清(qing)(qing)掃(sao)的部位時(shi),應隨(sui)即清(qing)(qing)除其(qi)下部擠(ji)出的耐火泥漿。砌(qi)筑(zhu)蓄熱室、斜(xie)煙(yan)道(dao)和炭化室墻時(shi),應經常清(qing)(qing)掃(sao)焦爐(lu)煤(mei)氣道(dao),并(bing)應采取防(fang)止(zhi)堵塞的有(you)(you)效措(cuo)施(shi)。砌(qi)筑(zhu)蓄熱室、斜(xie)煙(yan)道(dao)的焦爐(lu)煤(mei)氣管(guan)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)時(shi),應逐層檢(jian)查,控制(zhi)管(guan)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)的標高。砌(qi)筑(zhu)焦爐(lu)煤(mei)氣道(dao)、斜(xie)煙(yan)道(dao)口、看火孔(kong)、上升管(guan)孔(kong)和裝煤(mei)孔(kong)(或除塵(chen)孔(kong))時(shi),應用刻(ke)有(you)(you)孔(kong)道(dao)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)線(xian)(xian)和尺寸的標板檢(jian)查各孔(kong)道(dao)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)線(xian)(xian)之(zhi)間及(ji)各孔(kong)道(dao)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)線(xian)(xian)與焦爐(lu)縱中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)線(xian)(xian)之(zhi)間的距離(li)。
砌(qi)筑焦(jiao)爐(lu)時應采取(qu)保護措施,不得損壞算子(zi)磚(zhuan)、分格(ge)式蓄熱(re)室格(ge)子(zi)磚(zhuan)、立火道和炭化室底等處(chu)的砌(qi)體。焦(jiao)爐(lu)砌(qi)體應均衡(heng)向上砌(qi)筑。